Antalya is the fifth-most populous city in Turkey and recognized as the "capital of tourism" in Turkey and a pivotal part of the Turkish Riviera, Antalya sits on Anatolia's southwest coast, flanked by the Taurus Mountains. With over 2.6 million people in its metropolitan area, it is the largest city in Turkey's Mediterranean Region, situated along the Mediterranean Sea.
The city was formerly known as Attalia and was founded in around 200 BC by King Attalus II of Pergamon. Attalia was soon conquered by the Romans. Roman rule saw the city thrive, including the construction of several new monuments, such as Hadrian's Gate, and the flourishing of nearby ancient cities such as Patara, Xanthos and Myra in the Lycia region; Perga, Aspendos and Side in Pamphylia; and Sagalassos, Antioch and Termessos in Pisidia. These cities were already significant centers before Roman influence. Attalia has changed hands several times, including to the Seljuk Empire in 1207 and an expanding Ottoman Empire in 1391.Ottoman rule brought relative peace and stability for the next five hundred years. The city was occupied by Italy for three years in the aftermath of World War I, but was recaptured by a newly independent Turkey in the Turkish War of Independence.
While the city itself only has modest elevation changes, Antalya has high mountains in all directions to its interior. With moisture being trapped, the local climate thus has high winter rainfall, while the interior bay setting result in very hot summers for a coastal city.
The city is Turkey's biggest international sea resort on the Turkish Riviera. Large-scale development and governmental funding has made it a prime destination for tourists. Antalya is currently the fourth-most visited city in the world, trailing behind only Istanbul, London, and Dubai, attracting more than 16.5 million foreign visitors in 2023.
Old Town
Kaleiçi, Antalya’s historic city center, was once entirely within city walls. It features structures from Roman, Byzantine, Seljuk, Ottoman, and modern Turkish eras, with most dating to the 18th and 19th centuries. Traditional homes house residents or have become boutique hotels, restaurants, and handicraft shops. Located along the Mediterranean near a Roman-era yacht harbor, Kaleiçi, meaning “Inner Castle,” has undergone extensive restoration. Its narrow streets, historic architecture, and vibrant cultural scene make it a must-visit destination in Antalya.
Hadrian's Gate
Hadrian’s Gate in Antalya, Turkey, is a triumphal arch built to honor Roman Emperor Hadrian, who visited in 130 AD. The gate has three arches flanked by tall marble columns, decorated with intricate reliefs showcasing Roman artistry. Serving as the main entrance to ancient Pamphylia, it remains an important historical landmark. Visitors can admire its well-preserved structure while exploring the surrounding area, reflecting Antalya’s rich history and culture, making Hadrian’s Gate a must-see attraction for history enthusiasts.
Perge
Perge, an ancient city near Antalya, Turkey, is famous for its rich history and well-preserved ruins. Founded in the 3rd century BC, it was a key center of Pamphylia. Visitors can explore the Roman theater seating 12,000, Hellenistic city gates, the ancient agora with colonnades, and the stadium. Perge also displays intricate mosaics and artifacts in its archaeological museum, offering insight into the daily life, culture, and architectural achievements of its inhabitants across centuries, making it a must-visit historical site.
Aspendos
Aspendos, near Antalya, Turkey, is renowned for its remarkably preserved Roman theater, one of the best in the world. Built in the 2nd century AD, it accommodates around 15,000 spectators with excellent acoustics. The city also features an advanced aqueduct system, basilica, and agora, highlighting its historical significance. Today, Aspendos attracts visitors with its rich history, stunning architecture, and annual cultural events, including classical music and theater performances, making it a must-visit site for history and culture enthusiasts.
Temple Of Apollo
The Temple of Apollo, built around 150 AD during the Pax Romana in the ancient Carian town of Side, southern Turkey, is dedicated to Apollo, the god of music, harmony, and light. Dating back to Emperor Antoninus Pius’s reign, five standing columns were restored between 1984 and 1990. Further restoration occurred in 2017 to repair the concrete base and iron reinforcements. Today, the Temple of Apollo remains a notable tourist attraction in Antalya Province, showcasing Roman architecture and history.
Olympos
Olympos, an ancient Lycian city on Turkey’s southern coast, is celebrated for its natural beauty and rich history. Nestled in a lush valley, it features ruins including a theater, Roman baths, and stone houses partially reclaimed by nature. The site combines historical significance with beautiful Mediterranean beaches. Visitors can explore the ruins, hike in the national park, and relax by the Olympos River, making it an ideal destination for history enthusiasts and nature lovers seeking culture, scenery, and tranquility.
Phaselis
Phaselis, an ancient Lycian city on Turkey’s southwestern coast, is renowned for its stunning beaches and rich historical significance. Founded in the 7th century BC, it served as an important trade center with three natural harbors. Visitors can explore well-preserved ruins, including a Roman theater, aqueducts, and temples, while wandering through lush pine forests surrounding the site. Its picturesque beaches offer swimming and relaxation, making Phaselis a perfect destination for history enthusiasts and nature lovers seeking culture and scenic beauty.
